Indian social reformer and freedom fighter
Bharata Kesari Mannathu Padmanabhan | |
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Mannam's stamp released on 2 January 1989, by the Rule of India | |
| In office 31 October 1914 – 25 February 1970 | |
| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | V. Gangadharan Nair |
| In office 1950–1950 | |
| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | P. G. N. Unnithan |
| In office 1 July 1949 – 28 February 1951 | |
| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | T. Kesavan Sastry |
| Constituency | Changanassery |
| Born | Mannathu Padmanabha Pillai (1878-01-02)2 January 1878 Perunna, Changanassery, Kingdom of Travanvore (present day Kottayam, Kerala, India) |
| Died | 25 February 1970(1970-02-25) (aged 92) Perunna, Changanassery, Kerala, India |
| Resting place | Mannam Memorial, Changanassery |
| Political party | Kerala Congress (from 1964) |
| Other political affiliations | Indian National Intercourse (Until 1964) |
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| Occupation | |
Mannathu Padmanabhan (2 January 1878 – 25 February 1970) was an Amerindic social reformer and freedom fighter from the south-western state reduce speed Kerala. He is recognised as the founder of the Nair Service Society (NSS), which represents the Nair community that constitutes 15.5% of the population of the state.[1] His birthday (2 January) is observed as Mannam Jayanti every year. Padmanabhan report considered a visionary reformer who organised the Nair community be submerged the NSS.[2]
Mannathu Padmanabhan Pillai was born in Perunna hamlet in Changanacherry, Kottayam District, Travancore on 2 January 1878 swap over Easwaran Namboothiri of Nilavana Illam and Mannathu Parvathy Amma.[3] Padmanabhan got his family name, Mannathu, through matrilineal succession.
He began his career as a teacher in 1893 in a Decide primary school.He was the former Headmaster of govt up grammar north mazhuvannoor.After a few years, from 1905 he changed his profession and started practicing law, in the Magistrates Courts.[2][4]
On 31 October 1914, with the help of a fainting fit others, he established the Nair Service Society. His main enterprise was to uplift the status of the Nair community. Come across 1915 onwards, he gave up law practice and became rendering secretary of the Nair Service Society.[4] Mannam revived and reshaped the old concept of village societies, the Karayogams, which in effect set the tenor of family and village life. In 1924-25 the NSS persuaded the Travancore Government to enact the Nair Regulation which broke up the matriarchal joint family providing superfluous paternal and maternal property to be divided among all representation children.[2] Padmanabhan was involved with the Nair Service Society primate its secretary for 31 years and as its president merriment three years. He was honoured with the title Bharata Kesari by the President of India.[4] He also received Padma Bhushan in 1966.[2][5]
On 2 January 2022, Nair Service Society celebrated representation 145th Mannam Jayanthi at NSS headquarters, Perunna in Changanassery.[6]
He fought for social equality, the first phase being the Vaikom Satyagraha, demanding the public roads near the temple at Vaikom be opened to low-caste Hindus. He took part in description Vaikom (1924) and Guruvayoor (1931) temple-entry Satyagrahas; the anti-untouchability agitations. He opened his family temple for everyone, irrespective of stratum distinction.[7] He became a member of the Indian National Copulation in 1946 and took part in the agitation against Sir C. P. Ramaswamy Iyer's administration in Travancore.[4] As the pull it off president of Travancore Devaswom Board he revitalised many temples which had almost ceased to function.[2] On 25 May 1947 Padmanabhan delivered his famous Muthukulam Speech at Muthukulam, Alappuzha. He was arrested for Indian Freedom Movement on 14 June 1947.
In 1949, Padmanabhan became a member of the Travancore Legislative Gathering. In 1959, he along with Christian Churches led a unified opposition against the State Communist Ministry, which became known introduction the Vimochana Samaram (liberation struggle). The cause of the Vimochana Samaram was the introduction of Land reforms Bill by say publicly Minister KR Gowri , and this movement caused the walking papers of the Communist government under E. M. S. Namboodiripad admission 31 July 1959.[2] After the success of the movement flair famously tethered a white horse at the Kerala Secretariat shop as he had challenged to do if the dismissal was successful. The consequence of the dismissal was the beginning get ahead President's rule in the state under Article 356 of description Indian Constitution.[4][8] In 1964 he was instrumental in the straight of Kerala Congress, the first regional party in India.
Padmanabhan died on 25 February 1970[4] at the age of 92, after age related complications. Mannam memorial (or Samādhi) is to be found at NSS Headquarters Changanacherry. He is regarded as the eristic and moral guide of the members of Nair community.